Nyan Taw
Senior Technical Advisor/General Manager, Blue Archipelago Berhad
Title: Biosecurity in Aquaculture Systems with Special Emphasis on Shrimp Farming
Biography
Biography: Nyan Taw
Abstract
According Lightner (2003) biosecurity is excluding pathogens from stock (i.e. post larvae and brood stock), especially through the use of quarantine and specific pathogen (SPF) certified stocks, and restricting imports of live and frozen shrimps. Excluding vectors and external sources of contamination and preventing internal cross contamination from hatcheries and farms. The first major outbreaks of shrimp disease (WSSV) was from late 1994 in Asia which was controlled until recently crossover to Mexico, Brazil and to Australia in early 2017. Another outbreak of shrimp disease EMS started from China in 2009 and spread to Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand. In 2013 crossed over to Mexico. The revenue lost estimated by FAO due this EMS outbreak was around USD 1.2 Billion in one year. The outbreaks were believed to be due to lack in biosecurity. Recently due to major loses of shrimp farms at Gold Coast due to viral (WSSV) outbreaks (McElroy, 2017), Australian Government is aware of the potential biosecurity risk that could damage market access for their fisheries and aquaculture industry and significantly increase production costs for farmers (Oz Fisheries, 2017). Most locations in Asia are not viral free. One must be able to operate amid viral threats. One important factor is to understand the character of virus you are trying to protect from. Biosecurity starts with quality of farm design. This is followed by biosecure operation system using SPF Post Larvae. With quality farm design, operation system and biosecurity awareness training, the viral (WSSV) issue can be minimized. Farm biosecurity begins with design and construction of farm. Development of shrimp farm layouts from simple pond base flow through system during 1980s. At present with modular system by using reservoirs to treat incoming water provide biosecurity required to control the emerging viral issues (Nyan Taw, 2005, 2008 & 2011). The success or failure in shrimp aquaculture is how successful one can prevent and control the viral (mainly WSSV) out breaks. Biosecurity had been applied in Indonesia since introduction of L. vannamei from 2002 (Nyan Taw et al, 2002, 2007, 2008 & 2009; Nyan Taw, 2005 & 2010). Present lecture covered mainly on shrimp aquaculture biosecurity for sustainable production.