6^th Global Summit on Aquaculture & Fisheries May 25-26, 2017 Osaka, Japan

Biography:

Bilikis Iyabo Uneke holds a Ph.D in Fisheries Biology. She is a leading researcher and lecturer in the Department of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Nigeria. In the last ten years, her work as focused on aquaculture, stock assessment, modeling, fisheries management and policy. She has worked extensively on the food, feeding habits and nutrient requirements of teleost fishes of the inland waters of southeastern Nigeria

Abstract:

The requirement of African catfish, Heterobranchus longifilis for dietary was determined. Two hundred and seventy fingerlings samples of H. longifilis (mean weight 2.3±0.1g) were stocked in eighteen (18) plastic bowls, each of 25 litres capacity at a density of 15 fish samples per bowl. Zinc sulphate of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 0.0% were assigned randomly to the water baths which were designated as D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 respectively and each with three replicates. The fish samples were fed at 5% body weight per day thrice daily at 8:00hrs, 12:00hrs and 16hrs. Water in experimental bowls was changed weekly. Fish weights were taken fortnightly and feed were adjusted (to maintain it at a constant 5% of the body weight of fish). The result showed that the performance of fish diets with different levels of zinc sulphate was significantly different (P = 0.05) between treatments. Fish fed diet 1.5% of zinc sulphate inclusion level performed significantly better than the ones fed with the other diets. Fish fed with 2.0% zinc sulphate inclusion level showed high Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) indicating that when the optimum dietary requirement of zinc is exceeded, it can adversely affect the feed conversion ability of the fish, resulting in poor weight gain. Hence, zinc should be included in the diet of fish at the required level to avoid adverse effect which could be harmful not only to the organism but to tertiary consumer (Human beings).  

Biography:

Mahmoud Hafezieh has his expertise in Aquaculture technology on fish and shellfish nutrition and their live food. He is  working Iranian  fisheries Sciences research institute Also he is as a scientific staff of AZAD university in Tehran and during his 23 years work,  he published more than 40 Scientific articles base on his research projects, Also published 7 Books specifically live food and inert food in aquaculture. recently he focused on seaweed as ingredients in fish and shrimp food which this article is a part of one.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Shrimp food factory in Iran used high amounts of chemical binders which is not environment friendly.

The purpose of this study is binding effect of Sargassum ilicifolium on  Litopenaeus vannamei pellets.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Shrimp feed bound with a brown seaweed, Sargassum ilicifolium powder replaced at three level with protein resources in laboratory. Treatments were incorporated at zero (used 2% formaldohyde sorbate=FS),  5, 10 and 15% level of seaweed while in the commercial feed(CF) pellet which used a chemical binders routine in shrimp feed factory. After 30 minutes of exposure to sea water (equal to the Oman Sea water, 33 ppt salinity).

Findings: 15%  treatment maintained a 25% pellets afloat while zero treatment had the least. There was a difference in the percentage number of pellets afloat between 5 minutes and 30 minutes of exposure to water (P<0.05). There was also a difference in the water stability of the different levels seaweed used (P<0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: 15% treatment had the highest water stability (57.70±1.60) after 50 minutes of exposure to water.

Biography:

Mahmoud Hafezieh has his expertise in Aquaculture technology on fish and shellfish nutrition and their live food. He is working Iranian  fisheries Sciences research institute Also he is as a scientific staff of AZAD university in Tehran and during his 23 years work,  he published more than 40 Scientific articles base on his research projects, Also published 7 Books specifically live food and inert food in aquaculture. recently he focused on seaweed as ingredients in fish and shrimp food which this article is a part of one.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Shrimp food factory in Iran used high amounts of chemical binders which is not environment friendly.

The purpose of this study is binding effect of Sargassum ilicifolium on Litopenaeus vannamei pellets.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Shrimp feed bound with a brown seaweed, Sargassum ilicifolium powder replaced at three level with protein resources in laboratory. Treatments were incorporated at zero (used 2% formaldehyde sorbate=FS), 5, 10 and 15% level of seaweed while in the commercial feed(CF) pellet which used a chemical binders routine in shrimp feed factory. After 30 minutes of exposure to sea water (equal to the Oman Sea water, 33 ppt salinity).Findings: 15% treatment maintained a 25% pellets afloat while zero treatment had the least. There was a difference in the percentage number of pellets afloat between 5 minutes and 30 minutes of exposure to water (P<0.05). There was also a difference in the water stability of the different levels seaweed used (P<0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: 15% treatment had the highest water stability (57.70±1.60) after 50 minutes of exposure to water.

Biography:

Dr.Nchumbeni Humtsoe obtained her Ph.D. Degree from University of Mumbai, India on the topic  “Growth performance and biochemical composition of Labeo rohita to feed containing Katelysia opima and Nerita species,” and completed a course on “Professional planning and development programme in fisheries” from CIFE, Kolkatta, India . She had represented scientist team from India and attended 7th Indo-Pacific fish Conference at Taiwan and presented a paper on topic, “Effect of arsenic on the enzymes of freshwater fish Labeo Rohita” which was published in reputed international journal. She had presented research papers on several national conferences. She is a competent researcher and can work well in team with good communication skill and tackle any challenges positively. She is specialized in fish nutrition and feeding technologies. She is a life member of Indian Fisheries Association since 2008 and currently working as a Fishery Inspector in the Department of Fisheries, Government of Nagaland, India.

Abstract:

A six months feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the incorporation of five feed ingredients with the flesh of Nerita species in the diet of Labeo rohita. Fingerlings of Labeo rohita weighing 2-4 gm were divided into six groups and fed with prepared feeds using five different feed ingredients such as ground nut oil cake, tapioca flour, rice bran and wheat flour along with different levels of the flesh of Nerita species as experimental diets. A control group of rohus fingerlings was maintained on pelleted feed without adding the flesh of Nerita species. Fishes were fed twice daily with the respective test diets at the rate of 4% body weight during entire culture period of three months. Results regarding growth performance of L.rohita fingerlings fed on different experimental diets showed that the best growth performance of fish in terms of percentage live weight gain was noted as 131.68 % where as 46.60 % was noted with control diet which is prepared without adding the flesh of Nerita species . Maximum increase in length (2.90cm) was noticed in the fingerlings fed with highest level of the flesh of Nerita species compared to minimum increase in length (1.33 cm). Specific Growth Rate (SGR) per day of fish fed on different experimental diets was noted in the range of 0.22 - 0.61 percentage compared to control diet which was noted as 0.28 percentage. The feed conversion ratio observed 4.417 was highest in fish fed with highest level of the flesh of Nerita species compared to fish fed on control diet which is noted as 4.032. This study reveals that incorporation of the flesh of Nerita species  in different feed ingredients  is one of the best animal proteins in terms of growth and feed conversion which is optimum for growth of Labeo rohita.

Biography:

A.T. Ramachandra Naik is Associate Professor, College of Fisheries, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, India.

Abstract:

The freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a more popular crustacean cultured widely in monoculture system in India. It has got high nutritional value in the human diet. Hence, understanding its enzymatic and body composition is important in order to judge its flesh quality. Fish oil specially derived from Indian oil sardine is a good source of highly unsaturated fatty acid and lipid source in fish/prawn diet. A 35% crude protein diet with graded levels of Sardine oil as a source of fat was incorporated at four levels viz, 2.07, 4.07, 6.07 and 8.07% maintaining a total lipid level of feed at 8.11, 10.24, 12.28 and 14.33% respectively. Diet without sardine oil (6.05% total lipid) was served as basal treatment. The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii was used as test animal and the experiment was lost for 112 days. Significantly higher gain in weight of prawn was recorded in the treatment with 6.07% sardine oil incorporation followed by higher specific growth rate, food conversion rate and protein efficiency ratio. The 8.07% sardine oil diet produced the highest RNA:DNA ratio in the prawn muscle. Digestive enzyme analyses in the digestive tract and mid-gut gland showed the greatest activity in prawns fed the 8.07% diet.

Biography:

Len S. Smith holds the position as Chief Business Officer of Heliae. Heliae is an applied microalgae research, development, products and technology provider based in Arizona, USA. Mr. Smith has been with Heliae since 2014. Prior to his current role at Heliae, he held management and leadership positions with leading biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies in the USA.  He holds degrees in biology, environmental science, and business from leading US universities.

Abstract:

Omega-3 fatty acids, such as DHA and EPA, have been demonstrated to have critical roles in both fish and human nutrition.  Increasingly, fish products are sourced from farmed fish.  However, many farmed fish have been demonstrated to lack the omega-3 fatty acid content of typical wild fish counterparts.  Moreover, in a period where consumers increasingly wish to obtain healthy dietary components, such as DHA, from fish, as compared to from dietary supplements, the amount of DHA in fish has reportedly fallen.  Most omega-3 sources used in feed today are not efficient at achieving optimal DHA:EPA ratios as microalgal sources, as these traditionally used sources usually have relatively high amounts of EPA to DHA.  DHA-rich microalgae can provide an alternative tool for feed formulation, one that allows feed formulators a way to supply precise amounts of DHA into the feed.  In addition, the DHA in microalgae DHA is naturally encapsulated, providing a more stable source of DHA.  Heliae has sourced a novel DHA-rich microalgae and developed a production technology that will allow this product to be widely available to the aquaculture industry.

Biography:

Dr Nyan Taw received his Ph.D. from the University of Tasmania, Australia. He served as short term consultant for FAO and World Bank funded projects in Saudi Arabia and Vietnam. He was a technical counter-part for ADB and JICA projects to develop the fisheries sector in Myanmar from 1976 to 1987. In 1988, he joined the FAO of the UN and served in aquaculture projects in Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines culminating the position of CTA. From 1995, Dr Nyan served as Production Director at several locations in Indonesia. In 2002, he joined CP Indonesia, as VP where he initiated bio-floc technology. Later he served as SVP for Dipasena Group, Indonesia. He served Blue Archipelago as GM and developed a bio-secure, modular RAS system shrimp farm from 2009 to 2015 in Malaysia. He has provided consultancy for shrimp farming companies in South & Central America, Middle East and Asia He conducted Shrimp Biofloc Technology workshops for shrimp farmers in Malaysia, Australia, India, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Thailand & Myanmar. He co-authored a chapter in the book by Avnimelech on Biofloc Technology (2012 & 14).

Abstract:

Biosecure Biofloc technology applied in shrimp farming is adapted from the basic minimum water exchange shrimp intensive culture system used in Indonesia since early late 1990s. The system then was to position aerators within culture ponds to concentrate waste (sludge) into centre of ponds which were then siphon out physically or through central drain system. The aerators were operated almost 24 hours to have optimum culture pond environmental condition. The system creates clean water column and bottom feeding area and separated the sludge area (Taw, 2005; 2015, Taw, et al 2007). Shrimp bio-floc system is somewhat an upgraded system by introducing carbon such as molasses and wheat flour to develop a heterotrophic environment with zero water exchange which suspend bio-floc colony within pond water column. The bio-floc system is developed by developing algae first and later cross over to bio-floc to have self-nitrification process sets in (Taw 2014). Main economic benefits of shrimp bio-floc system are – better biosecurity, low FCR, higher production, higher energy efficiency and sustainable production. Biofloc system alone cannot prevent ever emerging shrimp diseases. However, bio-floc and bio-secure shrimp farm design, construction and operation system have shown to prevent diseases entering the farm facilities (Taw 2005; Taw et al 2008, & Taw & Setio 2014).  In Malaysia bio-secure modular RAS system with bio-floc technology has been applied at Blue Archipelago shrimp farm since October 2011 and has been operating successfully without any incident of EMS/AHPND which was a major threat to China, Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand (Taw, et al. 2013 & Taw 2014).  According to In-Kwon (2012 &2014) there were more than 2,000 bacterial species in well-developed bio-floc water. This bio-floc may enhance immune activity based on mRNA expression of six immune-related genes – ProPO1, ProPO2, PPAE, ran, mas and SP1. A study at Bogor University, Indonesia and Ghent University, Belgium revealed that bio-floc system contributes to the enhancement of immune response and survival after IMNV challenge regardless the carbon source. The application of BFT brings about beneficial effect in disease control and management in shrimp culture (Ekasari, et al., 2014).

Biography:

Dr Nyan Taw received his Ph.D. from the University of Tasmania, Australia. He served as short term consultant for FAO and World Bank funded projects in Saudi Arabia and Vietnam. He was a technical counter-part for ADB and JICA projects to develop the fisheries sector in Myanmar from 1976 to 1987. In 1988, he joined the FAO of the UN and served in aquaculture projects in Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines culminating the position of CTA. From 1995, Dr Nyan served as Production Director at several locations in Indonesia. In 2002, he joined CP Indonesia, as VP where he initiated bio-floc technology. Later he served as SVP for Dipasena Group, Indonesia. He served Blue Archipelago as GM and developed a bio-secure, modular RAS system shrimp farm from 2009 to 2015 in Malaysia. He has provided consultancy for shrimp farming companies in South & Central America, Middle East and Asia He conducted Shrimp Biofloc Technology workshops for shrimp farmers in Malaysia, Australia, India, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Thailand & Myanmar. He co-authored a chapter in the book by Avnimelech on Biofloc Technology (2012 & 14).

Abstract:

Biosecure Biofloc technology applied in shrimp farming is adapted from the basic minimum water exchange shrimp intensive culture system used in Indonesia since early late 1990s. The system then was to position aerators within culture ponds to concentrate waste (sludge) into centre of ponds which were then siphon out physically or through central drain system. The aerators were operated almost 24 hours to have optimum culture pond environmental condition. The system creates clean water column and bottom feeding area and separated the sludge area (Taw, 2005; 2015, Taw, et al 2007). Shrimp bio-floc system is somewhat an upgraded system by introducing carbon such as molasses and wheat flour to develop a heterotrophic environment with zero water exchange which suspend bio-floc colony within pond water column. The bio-floc system is developed by developing algae first and later cross over to bio-floc to have self-nitrification process sets in (Taw 2014). Main economic benefits of shrimp bio-floc system are – better biosecurity, low FCR, higher production, higher energy efficiency and sustainable production. Biofloc system alone cannot prevent ever emerging shrimp diseases. However, bio-floc and bio-secure shrimp farm design, construction and operation system have shown to prevent diseases entering the farm facilities (Taw 2005; Taw et al 2008, & Taw & Setio 2014).  In Malaysia bio-secure modular RAS system with bio-floc technology has been applied at Blue Archipelago shrimp farm since October 2011 and has been operating successfully without any incident of EMS/AHPND which was a major threat to China, Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand (Taw, et al. 2013 & Taw 2014).  According to In-Kwon (2012 &2014) there were more than 2,000 bacterial species in well-developed bio-floc water. This bio-floc may enhance immune activity based on mRNA expression of six immune-related genes – ProPO1, ProPO2, PPAE, ran, mas and SP1. A study at Bogor University, Indonesia and Ghent University, Belgium revealed that bio-floc system contributes to the enhancement of immune response and survival after IMNV challenge regardless the carbon source. The application of BFT brings about beneficial effect in disease control and management in shrimp culture (Ekasari, et al., 2014).

Biography:

José L. Fernández Sánchez is economist and professor of business economics and organization in the department of business administration at University of Cantabria (UC) in Santander (Spain). He also participates in the UC’s research group IDES. He gets a doctoral degree in Business Administration from University of Cantabria and two master degrees in Marketing (ESIC) and Economics (Queens College, CUNY). His research interests are related to corporate social responsibility, corporate reputation and strategy, as well as the sustainability of the primary sector and the food industry.

Abstract:

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect that the market structure could have on the profit margins of the European (EU28) fish and seafood producers. This research employs the Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) paradigm to investigate the simultaneous relationship between price-cost margin (PCM), industrial concentration (IC), and technical efficiency (TE) in the European fish and seafood production industry. So, following Setiawan et al. (2013), the following non-recursive structural model can be formulated:

PCM = f (IC, TE, SIZE, GROWTH)

IC = g (PCM, GROWTH, CI)

TE = h (IC, SIZE)

This simultaneous system of equations has been estimated using the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimation method. Annual industry-macro data from different private and public sources (AMADEUS, STECF, and EUMOFA databases) for each of the EU28 countries during the period 2008–2013 has been employed to estimate the structural model parameters for the fishing and aquaculture sectors.

The findings about our structural model are presented in Table 1. So, a good fit of the whole model was obtained and estimation results are majorly in agreement with economic theory. The results show that market growth is negatively related to market concentration whereas capital intensity and the price-cost margin are positively related with industry concentration. Also, it has been found that higher industrial concentration leads to lower technical efficiency. On the other hand, technical efficiency is affected positively by the sector size (significance at the 1% level). Further, technical efficiency affects price-cost margin positively since technical efficiency lowers the per unit cost of production. Finally, industry concentration, technical efficiency, and market growth affect positively industry price-cost margins (at least, in the case of fishing sector, this effect has been statistically very significant) whereas industry size had a negative effect on the fish and seafood producers’ profit margins.

Biography:

Dr. C.A. Saclauso is a Professor and Dean of the College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences of the University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines. His interest is on trophic ecology of fish particularly, the interaction of feeding and social behavior with growth. His early work on cage culture of milkfish in marine waters provided opportunity in addressing stock density-dependent growth leading to the concept of bottom feeding. This paved the way for the development of the hydro-kinetic bottom feeder that improves feed access of fish in high density culture.  Dr. J.D. Toledo was formerly the Chief of SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department in the Philippines. He is presently the Technical Director of Feedmix Specialists Inc II at Pulilan, Bulacan, Philippines. His interest is on the reproductive biology of fish and in improving efficiency of operations for sustainable and profitable aquaculture production.

Abstract:

High density stocking often results in slow growth and low survival in aquaculture. This is attributed to diminished space, inequitable access to food, and aggressive behavior as a consequence of crowding and deterioration of water quality at high population densities. Under crowded conditions, aggression depresses growth that results in the deaths of subordinate conspecifics. In non-aggressive species like milkfish, crowding significantly affects size variance hypothesized to have been caused by reduced food access in high density culture where fish are fed from the top.  

The study aims to improve yield and profitability of milkfish production in high density culture through bottom feeding. With increased density, yield per unit volume is also expected to increase thus diminish the area required in generating equivalent production at lower stock densities.  

Milkfish at densities of 50 pieces m^-3, 75 pieces m^-3 and 100 pieces m^-3 were reared for 120 days in replicated 5mx5mx5m floating net cages in a marine cove with a depth of 10 m and a flow rate of 8 cm sec ^-1. Fish were fed floating pellets through top demand feeder and hydro-kinetic bottom feeder.

Bottom feeding increased production of milkfish cultured at very high density.  Net yield (kg m^-3) increased by 75% with the doubling of stocking density from 50 m^-3 to 100 m^-3. Size variance was reduced and condition index (K) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were improved. Bottom feeding optimizes food utilization through equitable and better access to food hence, reduces feed wastage. Bottom feeding and high density stocking enhances production efficiency without compromising environmental integrity.

Biography:

Mr. Muhammad Usman, Former Director General of Agricultural Research System, Government of Pakistan who retired from service after a spotless career of about 35 years with senior level experience on research and development of integrated agricultural industries with regard to livestock and dairy development, poultry, aquaculture and fishery, apiculture, sustainable agricultural production system, fruits and vegetable, seed production, bioenergy and other cash crops.Mr. Usman is basically an agricultural scientist with specialization of agricultural/ chemistry working as plant breeder with regard to the yield and quality of various agricultural crops, released several varieties, presented and published research papers on crops and renewable energy in the different conferences like Geneva.Mr. Usman established “Prominent Agro Based Industries SDN BHD” in Malaysia and “Foundation for Rural Development in Pakistan”, with primarily aims to work on integrated agricultural project for Rural Development through improvement in agriculture for rehabilitation of affected area.

Abstract:

The aims of presentation consist of aquaculture, fishery and poverty were studied to find out the role of aquaculture and fishery industries on the poverty alleviation of South Asia like Pakistan. Aquaculture means the fish or shellfish farming-refers to breading, rearing and harvesting of plants and animals in all types of water environments including ponds, river, lakes and the ocean. Researcher and aquaculture producers are "farming" all kinds of freshwater and marine species of fish, shellfish, and plants.  Aquaculture consists of two types. Marin Aquaculture refers to the culturing species that lives in the ocean and consist of sea ranching, surface lines, sub-surface lines, rack, sea cages, pond and hatcheries. Freshwater aquaculture is the culture of aquatic species within and dependent on fresh water environment. The objective of the aquaculture is the production of protein rich, nutritive, palatable and easily digestible human food at reasonable cost, production of sport fish, baitfish, ornamental fish, industrial fish. Research work conducted showed that showed that 85% fish productions are in sea marine and only 5% are in water growers commercially. The production of the different fish like sport, bait, ornamental, industrial, black tilapia, red tilapia, hybrid tilapia, black prawn, rid prawn are good food items and plays an important role in nutrition and health of aged people. Aquaculture provides protein rich food which are more efficient than other animals. It is concluded that improving aquaculture and fishery is the most powerful tool for absorbing millions of technical and non-technical people, increase income, create employment, the cheapest source of quality food which will consequently reduce poverty and without it life is almost impossible.

Biography:

Prof. Chatterjee developed various innovative technology in Aquaculture and published more than 50 papers in reputed international journals. In 2015 he was awarded Honorary fellow by the Singapore Institute of Aquaculture. His book on “Induced Fish Breeding “published in 25^th Oct. by Elsevier. Prof. Chatterjee is member and advisor of many academic body at national and international level.

Abstract:

World aquaculture production continues to grow, albeit at a slowing rate. According to the latest available statistics collected globally by FAO, world aquaculture production attained another all-time high of 90.4 million tonnes (live weight equivalent) in 2012 (US$144.4 billion), including 66.6 million tonnes of food fish (US$137.7 billion) and 23.8 million tonnes of aquatic algae (mostly seaweeds, US$6.4 billion). In this context, India is the second largest producer of fish and the second largest producer of fresh water fish in the world. Fishery plays an important role in contribution of rural economy and nutritional security. It has the highest contribution in agricultural GDP among all the allied fields of agriculture. But there is a severe concern gets highlighted when the per-capita fish availability is compared with its recommended level and production level is compared with the demand. A sharp gap can be identified, especially in case of aquaculture production which demands technological interventions to meet up this gap. The latest technological developments in fisheries sector offers better prospects for all sections of rural people particularly for those who have poor land base and abundant labour force. Despite significant advancement of fisheries sector there is still moderate to low adoption of modern fisheries production technologies.  There are considerable evidences which suggest that non-adoption of recommended technologies is often related to non-technological factors, such as social, psychological, cultural and economic factors. These barriers can only be solved by successful implementation of different fisheries development programmes. Several studies indicated that lack of adequate planning and continual evaluation is a major reason for the failure of the development of projects and extension activities (FAO,1996). Therefore, development of sustainable technologies for Aquaculture practices and effective extension communication strategies are needed. In recent years, there has been growing dissatisfaction with the poor rates of adoption of aquaculture technologies in resource-poor farming systems.  This poor adoption has resulted partly because when aquaculture technologies are developed, there is little input from farmers.  Participatory Technology Development (PTD) offers a way forward, through active, decision-making involvement of farmers in every stage of technology development. When new technology is being developed, researchers usually control all steps of the process. The Participatory Technology Development (PTD) approach involves farmer’s right from the beginning, when they are asked to identify their problems.

Biography:

Isagani P. Angeles Jr, Ph.D. is a registered Fisheries Technologist in the Philippines and a Professor/Director in the Provincial Institute of Fisheries (PIF), Isabela State University, Isabela, Philippines. He obtained his Ph.D. in Aquaculture in the Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan in 2015. He is the Project Leader in several research studies on the Development of Aqua Feed Diet and Alternative Technology on Tilapia and Prawn Production funded by ISU and Department of Science and Technology. His expertise encompasses the field of aquaculture management, particularly on feed and nutrition and fish/shellfish immunology.

Abstract:

The study evaluated the growth, haematology, glucose and  resistance to ammonia stress of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed diets supplemented with different antioxidants. The fish were fed diet containing 80 mg kg^-1astaxanthin (AX80), 50 g kg^-1 malunggay Moringa oleifera (MO50) and 5 g kg^-1 nutrafito plus (NP5) or basal diet (C) for 42 d. Weight sampling was conducted every 14 d while survival was monitored daily. Blood was collected to determine the haematological parameters and blood glucose level of fish before and after ammonia stress test. Wf, WG and SGR of NP5-fish were significantly higher than C-fish but comparable to AX80- and MO50-fish. However, other parameters such as PER and FCR were not significantly different among all treatments. There were significant results on some haematological parameters, Gluc level and survival before and after ammonia stress. Before ammonia stress, RBC of NP5-fish was significantly higher among treatments while HCT of NP5-fish was significantly higher than MO50-fish. After ammonia stress, HGB of AX80-fish was significantly higher than C-fish but comparable to MO50- and NP5-fish. On the other hand, RBC of NP5-fish was significantly higher than MO50- and C-fish. Moreover, HCT of NP5-fish was significantly higher than C-fish. Gluc level of NP5 was the lowest among treatments. In addition, AX80- and NP5-fish showed significantly higher survival than to the C-fish. These results indicated that fish fed diet supplemented with Nutra fit plus improved growth performance, stabilize some haematological parameters and glucose level and improved survival of O. niloticus exposed to ammonia stress.

Biography:

Sadiqul Awal has completed his PhD at the age of 40 years from Deakin University Victoria Australia. He is currently working as a lecturer at Melbourne Polytechnic, Victoria Australia. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviewer in many journals. His research interest in aquaculture in inland ground saline water, microalgae, and estuarine environmental management.

Abstract:

The issue of the salinization of Australia’s inland ground water is a recurring and major environmental problem that is often the result of previous uses of the land for agricultural purposes and the use of certain irrigation practices. Inundation of land by saline water for long periods leads to its percolation into the surrounding soils, resulting in altered soil chemistry. Prolonged inundation inhibits the fixation of free nitrogen and halts mineralization, thus impairing soil fertility within a few years. The elevation of a water table that features increased salinity levels (sometimes approaching or even exceeding that of seawater) means that while the environmental ramifications are potentially massive (and include crop damage), it is true also that such waters are an untapped and largely unexplored aquatic resource. It is no doubt true that such inland areas present a wonderful opportunity to farm a variety of fish, molluscs and crustaceans (an opportunity that has thus far been realised on a relatively very small scale), but there is no doubt considerable scope to grow microalgae, which underpin the bottom of the food chain in aquatic systems and have an enormous number of potential uses. Microalgae are potentially ideal candidates for remediation of these salt affected soil and lands. Microalgae can be deployed for bioremediation at sites with highly variable salinities, without significant effects on end-product potential.

Biography:

I have 22 years of experience in teaching, research and extension in the field of Fisheries Resources and Management. The job involves principally, teaching the undergraduate (B.F.Sc) and postgraduate (M.F.Sc and Ph.D.) students, in Fisheries Resources and Management courses covering Fish population dynamics and stock assessment, Taxonomy of finfish and shellfish, Biodiversity of finfish and shellfish, Marine fishery resources, Anatomy, Physiology of finfish and shellfish, Biology of fish, Tropical fish stock assessment, Applications of fisheries models in stock assessment and Modern techniques in ichthyotaxonomy. Besides the job includes research work of applied nature related to fisheries resources, their abundance, distribution, assessment and management. In addition, an effective extension work in fisheries is undertaken as a tool of taking the message from lab to land. Popular articles, interviews through local electronic media etc are also undertaken for the benefit of fisherfolk.

Abstract:

Fishes of the family Priacanthidae, popularly called big eye or bulls eye. Priacanthus hamrur is an important deep-water inhabitant of great commercial value. High percentage of landings of Priancanthids used as raw material for surimi, sausage and other fishery by-products. Presently, it has great demand in Singapore Thailand, Taiwan, Hong Kong and other countries. For the maturation studies samples were collected from commercial landing centre, Mangalore. Studies on reproductive biology showed that Priacanthus hamrur spawns twice in a year, the spawning season extending from March to May and October to November. Based on the percentage occurrence of mature fishes in various size group it was inferred that male attained maturity at smaller size than female. This study will enable us to understand the spawning periodicity, cyclic morphological changes in male, female gonads and also it helps to improve stock size by enforcing fishing ban in particular season by assessing spawning periodicity.

Biography:

Dr Rajanna K.B. is an Assistant Professor at Fisheries Research and Information Centre (Inland), Hebbal, nataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University. He has 8 years of service in the field of fisheries and aquaculture. Besides research, he is also involved in imparting training to the scientific and farming communities.

Abstract:

The ‘fringed - lipped’ peninsula carp Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch) is a potential and an abundant fish species of rivers and reservoirs of peninsular India. It contributes a part of inland fish production and also plays a role in rural economy in major carp deficient regions of India. The fish is locally called as “Kemmeenu” in Karnataka. Month wise samples were collected from the Vanivilasa Sagar Reservoir fish landing centre and fishing villages around the reservoir. For this study, a total of 1,126 specimens were examined during March, 2013 – February, 2014. Studies on the reproductive biology showed the occurrence of ripe gonads more during October, November, December and January. Thus it may be concluded that spawning season coinciding with monsoon season and the size at maturity was found to be 36 and 37 cm total length (M and F). Fecundity ranged from 63,897 to 5,10,824 with an average of 2,43,304 eggs and the predominance of female was reported. The pooled sex ratio (M: F) was found to be 1:1.09. This study will throw light on reproductive biology of fish for captive brood stock development, breeding and rearing of Labeo fimbriatus. Since this fish is commercial important the study would help to take up hatchery production.

Biography:

 M. Golam Mortuza is currently working as a Professor at University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He received his BSc and MSc in 1987 and 1988 respectively from University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He did his Doctor of Science (DSc) degree from Hiroshima University, Japan in 2005. He worked at Pusan National University as Postdoctoral Researcher in 2008-2009. During his postdoctoral research, his work has been patent registered in the Korean Intellectual Property Office.  In 2011, Dr. Mortuza accepted a Professor position at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where he was working on Environmental pollution and health risk assessment using fish. His research tropic addresses aquatic pollution and risk assessment, fish ecology, behaviour and systematic study of fish, floodplain fisheries. Dr. Mortuza also associate Research member with two other foreign University. Mortuza has over 50 refereed and ISI publications. Dr. Mortuza has also published a book chapter with other renounced authors in “Surface water photochemistry” Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 2015.

Abstract:

Effluent discharges from industries and municipal sewage from the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and adjacent areas are partially carried out through a stream channel known as Wadi Hanifah. At present the main sources of water are sewage effluent, agricultural runoff, pumped shallow ground water from the city of Riyadh and seasonal rainwater. Monthly samples were collected from three sampling area (Namar, Al-Azizia and Al-Hair) from Wadi Hanifah during September 2014 to August 2015. Results indicated that the industrial and municipal effluent impacted negatively on water quality and consequently the fish community structure. A total of 17 fish species were recorded throughout the year with the lowest number of 11 species recorded in the most impacted Al-Azizia area. Species richness indices were highest at the Namar dam (recreation park area) and lowest at Al-Azizia, the most affected area, where vehicle mechanical industries are established and petrochemicals are damping through sewerage channels. Tilapia is dominating species in Wadi Hanifah especially at recreation park area, where fish species are culturing, while carp’s species are found throughout the channel. Due to high petrochemical pollution, dead fishes are usually found at Al-Azizia site. Low dissolved oxygen, pH, secchi depth and high electrical conductivity, total phosphorous, and total nitrogen, heavy metals were strongly associated with the effluent impacted sites and greatly influenced the fish community structure. This study recommends the use of fish as valuable biological indicators in aquatic environmental pollution assessment.

Biography:

 M. Golam Mortuza is currently working as a Professor at University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He received his BSc and MSc in 1987 and 1988 respectively from University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He did his Doctor of Science (DSc) degree from Hiroshima University, Japan in 2005. He worked at Pusan National University as Postdoctoral Researcher in 2008-2009. During his postdoctoral research, his work has been patent registered in the Korean Intellectual Property Office.  In 2011, Dr. Mortuza accepted a Professor position at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where he was working on Environmental pollution and health risk assessment using fish. His research tropic addresses aquatic pollution and risk assessment, fish ecology, behaviour and systematic study of fish, floodplain fisheries. Dr. Mortuza also associate Research member with two other foreign University. Mortuza has over 50 refereed and ISI publications. Dr. Mortuza has also published a book chapter with other renounced authors in “Surface water photochemistry” Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 2015.

Abstract:

The study was carried out to assess surface water quality of Rajshahi City of Bangladesh. Based on surveys and chemical analyses, we performed a case study of the surface water collected from three different areas, in order to understand the sources of water pollution and the evolution of water quality in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. Concentrations of major chemical elements in the surface water were related to the source of the agricultural, industrial and municipal sewerage. The Padma river bank close to the city side was more polluted by the domestic and sewerage system than that of opposite side.

Biography:

Dr. Taoka has completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from the United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University and postdoctoral studies from University of Miyazaki. He worked in a commercial fisheries company, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd. as a researcher and arrived at present post in University of Miyazaki at 2011. Recently, he has focused on the production of functional substances from marine microbes and the utilization in the field of aquaculture.

Abstract:

World aquaculture production has continued to increase. Fishmeal is used as protein sources for aqua-feeds. However, the price is drastically increased to around 170,000/ ton in 2013 during recent 10 years because of the decrease of fish resources, anchovy. This is serious problem for sustainable aquaculture. Therefore replacement of fishmeal to another resource is urgently needed. Several researchers reported the replacement of protein sources from fishmeal to plants. However, the complete replacement by plant proteins are not established   yet because plant sources contained some components that negatively affect the growth of the cultured fish due to the low digestibility. We focused on the “thraustochyrids” as probiotics to enhance the digestibility of plant sources.

Thraustochytrids are widely distributed in marine environment and have unique characteristics that accumulate large amount of lipids in cell bodies. Additionally, it is known that thrastochytrids produce various extracellualr enzymes including refractory components such as cellulose.

In this study, we researched the profile of extracellular enzymes from thraustochytrids and the tolerant ability in the gastrointestinal juices in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the potency as probiotics. Production of various extracellular enzymes, protease, amylase, lipase (tween 80 hydrolytic enzyme), cellulase and tannase were detected depending on the genus or species of thraustochytrids. The tolerance to artificial gastric juices was high in genus Aurantiochytrium and Ulkenia, and low in genus Oblongichytrium. In the case of in vivo test, Aurantiochytrim was recovered from the intestine of Japanese short-necked clam, Ruditapes philippinarum (“Asari” in Japanese). Additionally, we have isolated more than one hundred thraustochytrids from marine environment and are screening probiotic abilities to select adequate strain now. As next step, we are planning the rearing trial with aquaculture-major fish species and supply live thrautochytrids by oral administration

Biography:

Abstract:

The present work was to optimize the purification conditions for soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) calipash collagen (STCC) isolated by pepsin and to explore collagen physicochemical properties for potential biomaterial applications. Single-factor test and orthogonal method L9 (34) were employed with the STCC recovery yield as indicator. The optimum purification conditions were obtained when NaCl concentration, collagen concentration and purification time were 2 M, 8 g/L, and 24 h, respectively. Purified STCC were characterized by SDS-PAGE, UV scanning, FTIR, solubility, thermal behavior and amino acid analysis. The results showed that STCC contained high hydroxyproline content than that of other fishery skins, belonging to typical type I collagen in form of [α1(I)] 2α2(I). FTIR spectra of STCC were quite similar to other aquatic animals’ collagens. It has the lowest solubility at pH 6, and when NaCl concentration decreased from 2% to 6% (w/v), solubility dropped. The denaturation temperature (Td) and melting temperature (Tm) were 35.1 °C and 105.14 °C, respectively. Morphology of STCC depicted as regular and porous network structure by SEM. In general, the results suggested that turtle calipash can be exploited as alternatives to mammalian collagen and could also be used for biomedical applications as a potential new material.

Biography:

Kulapa Kuldilok is lecturer at Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University, Thailand. Her interests range from    Fisheries and Aquaculture management as well as, agricultural production and marketing. Her  previous  research included in  Strengthening Aquaculturist Capacity via Community Organization, Capacity Building for Thai Fish Farmers towards ASEAN Economic Community: Status and Outlook, and Study on Efficiency of Wholesale and Retail Markets of Royal Project’s Safe Fruits, Vegetable and Coffee Product and Consumers Demand on Safe Fruits, Vegetable Product and Coffee.

Abstract:

Most of aquaculturists in Thailand are small scales and individual farms therefore the development of aquacultures needs to be managed as community organizations to increase higher power of negotiation from the middlemen. Selected community organizations included Chacheongsao Province Sea Bass Aquaculturist Network Group as non-juristic organization, Tambon Tasoong Aquaculturist Group registered as juristic organization, two tilapia aquaculturist cooperatives including Pan Fisheries Cooperative, Ltd., and Nakornnayok Aquaculturist and Processor Cooperative, Ltd., and shrimp aquaculturist cooperatives in four watersheds i.e. Samroyyod-Pranburi, Tatong, Pak Phanang, and Chanthaburi. The purposes included 1) the study of cost-return in aquaculture groups 2) Analysis on the factors of success of the community organization 3) Study factors of success and guidelines to strengthen aquaculturist capacity via community organization. Data were collected from deeply interviewing 30 group members and 10 leader communities and local government agencies in each organization. The research methods are cost-return, Context Input Process and Product (CIPP model), SWOT-TOWS analyses and member participation. The results show that the cost-return of fish aquaculture in Pan Fisheries Cooperatives and Sea Bass Aquaculturist Network Group can earn profit while Nakornnayok Aquaculturist and Processor Cooperative face loss. In the case of shrimp, three shrimp cooperatives in Tatong, Pak Phanang, and Chanthaburi can earn profit excluded Samroyyod-Pranburi. There were four internal factors of success in establishing community organization. The first two factors were resource persons including the members and the leaders. The third factor was organization office and running capital. The fourth factor was the community operation. There should as well be external support and opportunity for successful operation. Recommendations for community organization development included 1) Member development to realize that collaboration was to strengthen their capacity. 2)  The leaders must be honest and fair and available for organization work, as well as be acceptable among the members. 3) There should be office to conveniently serve the members especially funding. 4) The organization should offer full services to members including production promotion, provision of input supplies, information provision, and collaboration with relevant agencies.

Biography:

Kulapa Kuldilok is lecturer at Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University, Thailand. Her interests range from    Fisheries and Aquaculture management as well as, agricultural production and marketing. Her  previous  research included in  Strengthening Aquaculturist Capacity via Community Organization, Capacity Building for Thai Fish Farmers towards ASEAN Economic Community: Status and Outlook, and Study on Efficiency of Wholesale and Retail Markets of Royal Project’s Safe Fruits, Vegetable and Coffee Product and Consumers Demand on Safe Fruits, Vegetable Product and Coffee.

Abstract:

Most of aquaculturists in Thailand are small scales and individual farms therefore the development of aquacultures needs to be managed as community organizations to increase higher power of negotiation from the middlemen. Selected community organizations included Chacheongsao Province Sea Bass Aquaculturist Network Group as non-juristic organization, Tambon Tasoong Aquaculturist Group registered as juristic organization, two tilapia aquaculturist cooperatives including Pan Fisheries Cooperative, Ltd., and Nakornnayok Aquaculturist and Processor Cooperative, Ltd., and shrimp aquaculturist cooperatives in four watersheds i.e. Samroyyod-Pranburi, Tatong, Pak Phanang, and Chanthaburi. The purposes included 1) the study of cost-return in aquaculture groups 2) Analysis on the factors of success of the community organization 3) Study factors of success and guidelines to strengthen aquaculturist capacity via community organization. Data were collected from deeply interviewing 30 group members and 10 leader communities and local government agencies in each organization. The research methods are cost-return, Context Input Process and Product (CIPP model), SWOT-TOWS analyses and member participation. The results show that the cost-return of fish aquaculture in Pan Fisheries Cooperatives and Sea Bass Aquaculturist Network Group can earn profit while Nakornnayok Aquaculturist and Processor Cooperative face loss. In the case of shrimp, three shrimp cooperatives in Tatong, Pak Phanang, and Chanthaburi can earn profit excluded Samroyyod-Pranburi. There were four internal factors of success in establishing community organization. The first two factors were resource persons including the members and the leaders. The third factor was organization office and running capital. The fourth factor was the community operation. There should as well be external support and opportunity for successful operation. Recommendations for community organization development included 1) Member development to realize that collaboration was to strengthen their capacity. 2)  The leaders must be honest and fair and available for organization work, as well as be acceptable among the members. 3) There should be office to conveniently serve the members especially funding. 4) The organization should offer full services to members including production promotion, provision of input supplies, information provision, and collaboration with relevant agencies.

Biography:

Nunik Cokrowati has her expertise in seaweed cultivation and fisheries management. She is lecturer at Mataram University Lombok Indonesia. Her research consent is application marine plant extract for increase the production of seaweed at West Nusa Tenggara Lombok Indonesia.

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Ulva sp extract for Kappaphycus alvarezii, and to determine the dosage. This research is expected to provide benefits for seaweed farmers in increasing production. This research was conducted in August 1st until October 30, 2016, at Ekas Bay, Ekas Buana village, Jerowaru sub-district, East Lombok. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD), there are six treatments with four replications, so the number of experimental units totalling are 24 experimental units. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and conducted a further test LSD (Least Significant Difference) if there is a significant effect of each treatment. The results showed that the extract of Ulva sp. have a significant influence on the specific growth rate and absolute growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii. The higest specific growth rate is 5.48% from the treatment 30% dosage Ulva sp extract. The highest absolute growth is the treatment with a concentration of 30% with an average weight of 498.5 grams. The conclusion of this research is extracts of Ulva sp. significantly affect Kappapycus alvarezii growth and optimal dose for growth Kappapycus alvarezii is 30%.

Biography:

Nunik Cokrowati has her expertise in seaweed cultivation and fisheries management. She is lecturer at Mataram University Lombok Indonesia. Her research consent is application marine plant extract for increase the production of seaweed at West Nusa Tenggara Lombok Indonesia.

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Ulva sp extract for Kappaphycus alvarezii, and to determine the dosage. This research is expected to provide benefits for seaweed farmers in increasing production. This research was conducted in August 1st until October 30, 2016, at Ekas Bay, Ekas Buana village, Jerowaru sub-district, East Lombok. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD), there are six treatments with four replications, so the number of experimental units totalling are 24 experimental units. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and conducted a further test LSD (Least Significant Difference) if there is a significant effect of each treatment. The results showed that the extract of Ulva sp. have a significant influence on the specific growth rate and absolute growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii. The higest specific growth rate is 5.48% from the treatment 30% dosage Ulva sp extract. The highest absolute growth is the treatment with a concentration of 30% with an average weight of 498.5 grams. The conclusion of this research is extracts of Ulva sp. significantly affect Kappapycus alvarezii growth and optimal dose for growth Kappapycus alvarezii is 30%.

Biography:

José L. Fernández Sánchez is economist and professor of business economics and organization in the department of business administration at University of Cantabria (UC) in Santander (Spain). He also participates in the UC’s research group IDES. He gets a doctoral degree in Business Administration from University of Cantabria and two master degrees in Marketing (ESIC) and Economics (Queens College, CUNY). His research interests are related to corporate social responsibility, corporate reputation and strategy, as well as the sustainability of the primary sector and the food industry.

Abstract:

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect that the market structure could have on the profit margins of the European (EU28) fish and seafood producers. This research employs the Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) paradigm to investigate the simultaneous relationship between price-cost margin (PCM), industrial concentration (IC), and technical efficiency (TE) in the European fish and seafood production industry. So, following Setiawan et al. (2013), the following non-recursive structural model can be formulated:

PCM = f (IC, TE, SIZE, GROWTH)

IC = g (PCM, GROWTH, CI)

TE = h (IC, SIZE)

This simultaneous system of equations has been estimated using the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimation method. Annual industry-macro data from different private and public sources (AMADEUS, STECF, and EUMOFA databases) for each of the EU28 countries during the period 2008–2013 has been employed to estimate the structural model parameters for the fishing and aquaculture sectors.

The findings about our structural model are presented in Table 1. So, a good fit of the whole model was obtained and estimation results are majorly in agreement with economic theory. The results show that market growth is negatively related to market concentration whereas capital intensity and the price-cost margin are positively related with industry concentration. Also, it has been found that higher industrial concentration leads to lower technical efficiency. On the other hand, technical efficiency is affected positively by the sector size (significance at the 1% level). Further, technical efficiency affects price-cost margin positively since technical efficiency lowers the per unit cost of production. Finally, industry concentration, technical efficiency, and market growth affect positively industry price-cost margins (at least, in the case of fishing sector, this effect has been statistically very significant) whereas industry size had a negative effect on the fish and seafood producers’ profit margins.

Biography:

Atiqur Rahman Sunny has completed his MS in Coastal and Marine Fisheries at the age of 24 years from Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh. He is the Research Assistant of World Fish Bangladesh and South Asia, a leading research organization. He has published 1 paper, 2 book chapters in reputed journal and book. He has participated in 5 International conferences and 5 papers are on the way of publication. The author has 4 years of experience to work closely with coastal fishing communities of Bangladesh which is considered as one of the most vulnerable communities of the world.

Abstract:

Sanctuaries are an important management tool for conservation and management of fisheries resources. This study analyse the socio-economic and ecological benefits of Hilsa sanctuaries that were declared in the Meghna, Padma and Andharmanik river  to protect single most important Hilsa species. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from six communities located in five Hilsa sanctuaries. Livelihood status of the fishers’ was studied and their perceptions regarding the performances of the Hilsa sanctuaries were analyzed. Majority of the fishers believe that sanctuaries are important for Hilsa conservation and enhanced production but closure of fishing during ban period have stopped their income and enhance sufferings for the community due to extreme poverty, inappropriate fisher’s list, inadequate incentive, corruption, nepotism and poor infrastructural development. To achieve the goals, conservation of Hilsa fisheries without undermining the sustainability of dependent livelihood - wide ranges of issues need to be taken into consideration. The compensation scheme needs to be sufficient, more transparent, inclusive and equitable for further conservation success along with the access of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs). Thus, a challenge for policy makers is to find a solution that benefits both the fishery conservation and poverty reduction. Involving local fishers and sharing responsibilities among different stakeholders for managing hilsa sanctuaries by introducing co-management approach successfully could be an effective solution.

Biography:

Atiqur Rahman Sunny has completed his MS in Coastal and Marine Fisheries at the age of 24 years from Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh. He is the Research Assistant of World Fish Bangladesh and South Asia, a leading research organization. He has published 1 paper, 2 book chapters in reputed journal and book. He has participated in 5 International conferences and 5 papers are on the way of publication. The author has 4 years of experience to work closely with coastal fishing communities of Bangladesh which is considered as one of the most vulnerable communities of the world.

Abstract:

Sanctuaries are an important management tool for conservation and management of fisheries resources. This study analyse the socio-economic and ecological benefits of Hilsa sanctuaries that were declared in the Meghna, Padma and Andharmanik river  to protect single most important Hilsa species. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from six communities located in five Hilsa sanctuaries. Livelihood status of the fishers’ was studied and their perceptions regarding the performances of the Hilsa sanctuaries were analyzed. Majority of the fishers believe that sanctuaries are important for Hilsa conservation and enhanced production but closure of fishing during ban period have stopped their income and enhance sufferings for the community due to extreme poverty, inappropriate fisher’s list, inadequate incentive, corruption, nepotism and poor infrastructural development. To achieve the goals, conservation of Hilsa fisheries without undermining the sustainability of dependent livelihood - wide ranges of issues need to be taken into consideration. The compensation scheme needs to be sufficient, more transparent, inclusive and equitable for further conservation success along with the access of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs). Thus, a challenge for policy makers is to find a solution that benefits both the fishery conservation and poverty reduction. Involving local fishers and sharing responsibilities among different stakeholders for managing hilsa sanctuaries by introducing co-management approach successfully could be an effective solution.

Biography:

The research topic of our lab focus on aquaculture physiology, especially molecular stress responses. Stress is an unavoidable component of the animals in aquaculture environment. Aquaculture species under intensive culture conditions are usually exposed to diverse environmental stressors. Environmental stress would cause adverse effects on physiological regulation, including immunity. Therefore, the water quality of aquaculture pond is tightly correlated to the fitness of cultivated animals. The major goal of our research is to adopt science-based research and practices for establishing appropriate criteria for water quality management of aquaculture ponds to reduce and minimize stress and avoid the occurrence of severely harmful effects at population level.

Abstract:

Aquatic animals would naturally or anthropogenically face to environmental stress leading to many physiological disturbances, including interference in immune response. The shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is an economically important species worldwide. Intensive farming with recirculating system is the common aquaculture practices nowadays that easily result in elevation of the levels of nitrogenous wastes, especially ammonia and nitrite. Since diseases outbreak would cause serious economic loss in aquaculture industry, the immunity of aquaculture species is the main research sector. This study aimed to investigate the potential threat of isolated and combined exposure to ammonia and nitrite to innate immunity of white shrimp through study on transcriptional and enzymatic responses of phenoloxidase (PO) system in hemocytes. The results revealed that not only the expression levels of proPO-activating system related genes, proPO1, proPO2, proPO activating enzyme 1 (PPAE1), PPAE2, prophenoloxidase-activating factor (PPAF) and serine proteinase (SP) in hemocytes but also PO activity in plasma and hemocytes were significantly decreased in white shrimp exposed to isolated and combined stress of ammonia and nitrite. These findings were suggested that rising waterborne ammonia and nitrite individually or simultaneously may cause disruption of the molecular and enzymatic responses of PO system. However, combined treatment was presumed to cause greater hemocyte injury which resulted in reduction of total hemocyte count since hemolymph ammonia and nitrite levels raised concurrently. Accordingly, elevated ambient nitrogenous wastes influenced the PO system which may make white shrimp more susceptible to pathogen infection. This study provided the useful information for further field monitoring studies and may be helpful in identifying the impact of these stressors before severely harmful effects occur.

Biography:

Shi Xizhi developed the extraction technique based on the molecularly imprinted polymer and molecularly imprinted membrane with high selectivity to pyrethroids with endocrine-disrupting properties, and obtained reliable analytical method based on GC-MS/MS for multi-residue determination of them in aquatic products and aquaculture environment. Meanwhile, the impact of their residues on the aquatic biology and environment is likely to become more apparent. Therefore, they isolated the degradation bacteria, and developed immobilization technique based on molecularly imprinted polymer, which successfully applied to the bioremediation of trace pyrethroids residue in aquaculture environments.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Pyrethroids are usually applied to control insects and weeds in agriculture and fishery. The serious influence of these compounds on the aquaculture and breeding usually occurs at low residue level because of their endocrine-disrupting properties. Therefore, determining the pollution condition and removal of pyrethroids with endocrine-disrupting properties in aquaculture ecosystem is important to protect the aquaculture ecosystem and eliminate the hazards of pyrethroids to aquaculture and breeding. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: In this study, the pollution condition, migration, and transformation of pyrethroids were elucidated by simulating a natural tidal flat ecology. Furthermore, the novel molecularly imprinted nanostructured polymers(MIPs) were fabricated by surface grafting technique and used as carrier of pyrethroid-degrading bacteria. Findings: The novel MIPs were developed and successfully used as carrier of pyrethroid-degrading bacteria, which can improve the degrading efficiency of specific trace pyrethroid. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency was investigated according to the migration and transformation characteristics of pyrethroid influenced by the immobilized bacteria onto the fabricated MIPs. Conclusion & Significance: The results obtained in this study could provide the theoretical and technological support to eliminate the hazards of pyrethroids with endocrine-disrupting compounds in aquaculture ecosystem and aquatic products.

Biography:

Sadiqul Awal has completed his PhD at the age of 40 years from Deakin University Victoria Australia. He is currently working as a lecturer at Melbourne Polytechnic, Victoria Australia. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviwer in many journals. His reserach interest in aquaculture in inland ground saline water, microalgae, and estuarine environmental management

Abstract:

The issue of the salinization of Australia’s inland ground water is a recurring and major environmental problem that is often the result of previous uses of the land for agricultural purposes and the use of certain irrigation practices. Inundation of land by saline water for long periods leads to its percolation into the surrounding soils, resulting in altered soil chemistry. Prolonged inundation inhibits the fixation of free nitrogen and halts mineralization, thus impairing soil fertility within a few years. The elevation of a water table that features increased salinity levels (sometimes approaching or even exceeding that of seawater) means that while the environmental ramifications are potentially massive (and include crop damage), it is true also that such waters are an untapped and largely unexplored aquatic resource. It is no doubt true that such inland areas present a wonderful opportunity to farm a variety of fish, molluscs and crustaceans (an opportunity that has thus far been realised on a relatively very small scale), but there is no doubt considerable scope to grow microalgae, which underpin the bottom of the food chain in aquatic systems and have an enormous number of potential uses. Microalgae are potentially ideal candidates for remediation of these salt affected soil and lands. Microalgae can be deployed for bioremediation at sites with highly variable salinities, without significant effects on end-product potential.

Biography:

Dr. W.M.T.B. Wanninayake (Senior Marine Biologist), formerly  served as Professor of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka and Chairman, Ocean University of Sri Lanka. A former Senior Researcher of the National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA), Colombo. Dr. Wanninayake earned his B. Sc. In Zoology and M.Phil.in Aquaculture (Crustacean Research ) from the University of Kalaniya, Sri Lanka and  Ph. D. in bivalve research from the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. Dr. Wanninayake contributed immensely in developing the prawn farming industry and hatchery sector in Sri Lanka. He has been recognized for introducing oysters, mussels, clams and cockles farming in Sri Lanka and is also pioneer in introducing pearl culture in freshwater reservoirs.Dr. Wanninyake  is a founder member of the Asian Fisheries Forum (AFS)  and Sri Lanka Association for  Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (SLAFAR).He  has wide experience  and a profound understanding of  aquaculture and aquatic environment in many European and Asian countries. Currently he serves   in advisory capacity to few ministries related to his work in Sri Lanka

Abstract:

Bivalve molluscs  such  as  oysters , mussels , scallops  , clams  and  cockles  comprise  a  significant part of  the world’s fisheries  production .According  to  the  statistics  of  the  Food  and  Agriculture  Organization  (FAO) , over  14 million metric tons  of  bivalves  are  produced  annually  through  aquaculture. China, Japan, South Korea  ,Vietnam , Thailand , Australia , France,  Spain , Canada  and Jamaica are  the  main  players  in  the  market.

During  the decade  from 2000  to 2010,  a rapid increase  was  seen  in  the  production of  bivalves  and  landing  doubled from  7 million  Mt in  2000  to  more that  14 million Mt  in  2010. During this  period  bivalves  landing  from  the  wild  increased  slightly  from 2.5 – 3.5  million Mt while  cultured bivalves doubled during the same period  increasing  from 6.3 -14 million Mt  comprising nearly 75% of  the world  bivalve  production.

Sri Lanka is a south Asian Tropical Island in the Indian Ocean. It has total land area of 65610 Km² with a population of 22 million, coastal line of the Island about 1340 Km with 158,000 ha of brackish water areas (lagoon and estuaries).

The  country  is  very  rich  in  economically important  bivalves such as oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis , Saccostrea cucullata ) mussels ( Perna viridis, P  perna ), clams (Marcia  opima,  M.  hiantina , Meretrix casta )  cockles ( Gaffrarium tumidum , Anadara granosa ) and pearl oysters (Pinctada vulgaris , P. margaritifera ) around the coastal areas .

Fishermen harvest bivalves from natural habitats in Negombo, Chilaw ,Kalpitiya , Mannar,  Jaffna , Trincomalee and Southern coastal belt of  the  country. Though  bivalve  farming is not  commonly practiced  in  the  country a  very high potential is  available in  the  above specified areas. However, with the booming of  the  tourism Industry in  coastal  areas of  Sri Lanka an attractive marketing atmosphere  in  other countries, the community based bivalve farming has  started  in  many parts  of  the country  through government intervention.

Bottom, rack, stake and raft culture systems are used for the farming of oysters, mussels and clams in these areas. Naturally available untapped bivalves, unpolluted marine water, cheaply available culture materials, law cost labour availability of technology and government support are also encouraging factors for investment in bivalve farming in Sri Lanka.

Key  words ; Bivalve  farming , oysters, mussels ,clams ,cockles .

Biography:

Mamun has his expertise in aquaculture system and its impact on food & nutritional security on seafood farming communities. Shrimp-prawn farming across the agro-ecologies in Bangladesh has given a new insights of the system and indicated that it is a family driven small scale polyculture system where cash crops provided higher economic return and other co-products supplies a substantial amount food fish in the domestic markets of Bangladesh. Omega-3 index of unmarried adolescent girls were in intermediate (Harris 2007) stage in higher saline areas while undesirable in lower saline areas agro-ecologies. The intra-household food allocation disparity still exist across the agro-ecologies and social well-being where the adolescent got the minimum share of food.  A metric is being developed to understand the impact of aquaculture intervention on health outcomes based on these research works.

Abstract:

Aquaculture is well established for ensuring food security, economic development, improved nutrition and poverty alleviation. But the shrimp and prawn farming issues due to socio-economic and environmental degradation require further consideration. However very little effort has been given to provide a holistic scenario of shrimp-prawn farming and its direct and indirect impacts on food and nutrition security in LIDCs including Bangladesh. This multi-disciplinary work was aimed at identifying the existing farming systems at different agro-ecological landscapes in the south-west coastal seafood farming area in Bangladesh and its impact on community food security.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation:

On the basis of surface water salinity level, the shrimp-prawn farming areas were divided into four different agro-ecological zones: (high saline (HS)>10ppt, medium saline (MS)<10>5, low saline (LS)<5ppt; freshwater (FW) area 0ppt). In depth survey both in farm and household level were executed. Social well-being categories (better-off and worse-off) were practiced according to Haque (2007). The criterion for selection of households was having at least one unmarried adolescent girl (10-18 years old). 24hrs foods recall method and food frequency questionnaire were developed and administrated with two replications and the anthropometric data height, weight, age, sex, MUAC were collected to address the preparedness for critical 1000 days issues. Blood samples from finger tips were collected and dried on a sample pad to identify the n-3 fatty acid level being one of the vital biomarkers to address the adolescent health outcomes that are mostly related to seafood consumption.

Biography:

Amina Moss has graduated from the College of The Bahamas with a Bachelor’s degree in Biology minor in Chemistry, and has obtained her Master’s degree in Fisheries Sciences from Kagoshima University, Japan by researching the use of marine snails in the feeds of Kuruma shrimps. Continuing with her passion in aquaculture and finding ways to use natural Bahamian resources to feed kuruma shrimps, she hopes to find optimum ways to grow marine shrimps and lobsters with locally available ingredients, including mollusks

Abstract:

To determine the effects of supplementing phospholipids (PL) derived from marine snails, Buccinum striatissimum, into the diets of juvenile kuruma shrimps (Marsupenaeus japonicus), a 40-day feeding trial was conducted. Five triplicate diets were formulated to contain varying levels of snail PL at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and a negative control, where only pollock liver oil was supplemented. Juvenile kuruma shrimps (initial body weight 1.96 ± 0.14g) were placed into 15 20-L capacity rectangular polyvinyl chloride tanks, with stocking density 10 shrimps per tank. The results showed that supplying 1% and 1.5% snail PL significantly improved growth in kuruma shrimps. Apparent feed efficiency ratio, specific growth rate and apparent protein efficiency ratio were significantly improved in diets that were supplemented by snail PL (P<0.05). Shrimps fed 1.5% snail PL had a significantly higher protein content (P<0.05) than other treatment groups. Stress resistance was also significantly higher in shrimps fed diets containing 1% and 1.5% snail PL, however no significance was found when comparing with the negative control. Furthermore, shrimps fed diets containing 0.5% and 1% snail PL had significantly higher amounts of total hemocytic count (P<0.05) than the negative control, while shrimps fed 1% snail PL had significantly higher viable cells than the negative control (P<0.05). Higher levels of highly unsaturated fatty acids, especially C22:6n-3, were found in shrimps fed 1% and 1.5% of snail PL compared with other treatments (P<0.05). These results suggest that supplementing 1-1.5% snail PL was efficient in enhancing the growth, stress resistance, protein efficiency ratio and to some extent the immune response in juvenile kuruma shrimps.

Biography:

Abstract:

The present investigation was taken up to assess the status of pelagic fish biodiversity off Mangalore coast (Lat. 12°50'54"N; Long. 74°50'11"E). The data for the present study was collected from the trawlers and purse seiners operating from Mangalore fishing harbour over a period from September-2012 to April-2013 and sampling was done once in fortnight. A total 69 species belonging to 49 genera, 20 families and 6 orders were recorded during the study period. Oil sardine contributed 26.97% of total landing followed by Indian mackerel (26.30%). The family Carangidae contributed 21.74 per cent of total number of species, followed by Clupeidae 17.39%. Diversity indices such as Margalef's richness index, Shannon- Wiener index (Hꞌ), Simpson index (λ), Hill diversity number (N₁) and (N₂) and Evenness (Jꞌ) were calculated. The values of Shannon-wiener index (H’) (at log₁₀) ranged between 1.1553 and 1.2679. The average value recorded was 1.20, whereas highest value was recorded during month of October 2012. The Simpson index (λ) ranged from 0.0650 to 0.0979, the average value was 0.0836. Highest values for Hill diversity number (N₁) and (N₂) were recorded during the month October 2012 and lowest during the month of November 2012.The value of evenness (Jꞌ) ranged from 0.8134 to 0.9311. It was found to be lowest during the month of October 2012 and highest during January 2013. Hierarchical cluster analysis technique showed the similarity in species composition and abundance was observed between the month of  October and December 2012 (97.92%) and minimum inter-relationship was between September and December 2012 (64.27%).The same pattern was also evident in the Non-metric Multi Dimensional Scaling plot where samples from Monsoon fell on one side and those from post-monsoon and pre- monsoon on the other side of the map demonstrating the close similarity with (80%) in species composition and abundance during different seasons. The stress value, which was overlying on the MDS plot (0.01), showed an excellent ordination of the samples collected. Studies have indicated that the Mangalore coast is one of the major fishing harbour and having rich biodiversity, during the study period there was good recruitment to the fishery immediately after the ban period, but the increased recruitment did not last for more than 2 to 3 months, a good deal of pelagic biodiversity was observed.

Biography:

Abstract:

The present study deals with length-weight relationship of Atropusatroposfor which no information is available on this aspect from Mangalore coast. Therefore the present investigation was undertaken. Fish samples were collected from fish landing center (Mangaluru) and fish market. The regression coefficient of male was found to be lower than female. From this observation it may be opined that female gained more weight with increase in length compared to male.  Data on seasonal variation in condition factor (K_n) showed that K_n values were more or less similar in both the sexes, indicating almost identical metabolic activity. Gonadal development and high feeding intensity are the factors which influenced the condition factor. The seasonal fluctuations in the relative condition factor of both the sexes could be attributed to the sexual cycle, food intake and environmental factors. From the present study, it can be inferred that the variation in the condition of Atropusatroposwas due to feeding activity and gonadal maturity

Biography:

Ryuichiro Miyazawa studies about T cell maturation and autoimmunity using zebrafish and ginbuna crucian carp models. Generally, zebrafish has been used as a model for embryogenesis. However, in these days, zebrafish is being used as a model of immune diseases. Lacking tools such as CD4 and CD8 mAb makes us difficult to comprehend the immune responses. In order to establish the immunological tools for zebrafish, he tries to apply anti-ginbuna CD4-1 and CD8α mAbs to zebrafish. He confirmed that anti-ginbuna mAbs react with zebrafish lymphocytes through gene expression analysis and dual staining with anti-hZAP-70 mAb.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: The two major subsets of T lymphocytes, helper and cytotoxic T cells, are defined by expression of CD4 or CD8 glycoproteins, respectively. Activation of CD4 T cells leads to their proliferation and differentiation into effector or regulatory cells that mediate or control the immunity; whereas, CD8 T cells destroy virus-infected cells as cytotoxic T cells. Both are essential for protecting the host from pathogens. Therefore, it is important to understand the function of CD4 and CD8 T cells. However, analysis of fish immune mechanisms has been hampered by the lack of suitable tools such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ T cells. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: We have generated mAbs against CD4-1 and CD8α in ginbuna crucian carp. In this study, we analyzed the cross-reactivity of these antibodies against the lymphocytes from eleven cyprinid species by flow cytometry. According to the reactivity of antibodies, we categorized them into high-, medium- and low-reactivity groups. Additionally, we cloned the ORFs of CD4 and CD8 and analyzed their protein sequences from each fish. Findings: We identified that lymphocytes from four fish species cross-reacted with ginbuna CD4-1 mAb and lymphocytes from seven species cross-reacted with ginbuna CD8α mAb. High-reactivity group shared similar sequence characteristics with ginbuna CD4-1 and CD8α, especially in terms of the candidate epitopes of antibodies. By comparing the sequences of each groups, we identified the potential candidate epitopes, including a few epitopes for CD4-1 mAb, and one epitope for CD8α mAb. Conclusion & Significance: The epitopes of our antibodies have been well-conserved in examined cyprinid species. Our antibodies will be available for analysis of the immune mechanisms in cyprinid fish. Furthermore, present strategy can be applied to predict the epitope recognized by antibodies in other fish species than cyprinid.